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MINNESOTA/USA WRESTLING
INTERNATIONAL WRESTLING RULES
GRECO-ROMAN
WRESTLING
FREE STYLE WRESTLING
WOMEN’S WRESTLING
2006
This is an abbreviated
supplement for coaches and officials.
The FILA
rulebook supersedes this book. The intent of the book is to provide
interpretations of the rules and be an accurate guide to those beginning to
learn the rules of the International Styles of Wrestling.
Questions on rules
can be forwarded to
Tom Kuisle
tkuisle@fairmont.k12.mn.us
Or by calling
507-238-1669
When calling or
e-mailing situations, please give all the information needed in an impartial
manner.
Please remember
that many calls come down to an interpretation of a rule given in a split
second during the match. Judgment
situations should not be questioned. Miss-application of a rule should be
corrected with calm instruction and discussion of the situation.
This supplement was written and edited by Tom Kuisle, MN/USA Mat
Officials Director. The intent is to
provide beginning officials and new coaches’ insight and interpretation of FILA
wrestling rules. The FILA rules book supersedes this rules supplement. Thanks James Brandley and Bill Hinchley for
their help.
FILA rule books can
be downloaded at:
www.themat.com
Updated
Modifications can be found at:
www.fila-wrestling.com
INDEX
Official’s membership application form
New
Rules and Concepts in
Wrestling………. 4-8
Age Weight Categories……….………………... 9
Weigh In………………………………………………. 10
Dress/Uniform of Contestants………….……… 11-12
The Mat.……………………………………………… 12-14
Match Procedures……………………………………14
The Clinch……………………………………………. 15-20
Starting Position……………………………………. 20-22
Medical Service, Blood Time……………………… 22-23
Greco Roman Considerations……………………. 23-24
Scoring ………………………………………………. 24-30
Age Group Weight Chart Insert after page … 27
Brutality ……………………………………………… 30-31
Illegal Holds…………………………………………. 31-33
Cautions & Warnings …………………………….. 34-35
Passivity ……………………………………………. 35-36
Bout Sheet …………………………………………. 36-39
Officiating Team ……………………………………. 39-45
The Coach……………………………………………. 45
The Protest ………………………………………….. 45-46
USWOA Policy on Abuse and Harassment ……. 46-49
FILA Vocabulary ……………………………………. 50-53
Highlights of Rule changes in 2006
1.
Must win 2
out of 3 periods.
·
A match
consists of three, two minute periods, with 30 second break between periods.
·
A wrestler
must win two periods to win a match.
·
If the
wrestler wins the first two periods the match is over.
·
At the end
of each period one wrestler will be declared the winner.
2.
Ways to
win a period
·
Gain a 6
point lead (technical superiority) over
his/her opponent in a period
·
Anytime
either wrestler steps into the protection area his/ her opponent receives 1
point. This is not a caution or penalty
it is a technical point the same as a takedown or turn.
·
The
exception is when the attacking wrestler scores points with a hold in
progress.
·
Score two,
3 point holds ends the period no matter what the score.
·
Scores/executes
a 5 point throw, no matter what the score.
·
The
wrestler is ahead on points when period time expires.
·
The bout
is not stopped until the action is completed allowing for an immediate
counterattack by the defending wrestler or a fall imminent by the attacking
wrestler.
3.
The Bout
Ends.
·
The bout
ends when a wrestler is declared the winner of two periods, or when a fall,
a disqualification, or an injury of one of the wrestlers is declared and they
cannot continue.
·
A wrestler receives 3 cautions during the MATCH will be disqualified.
·
Disqualification for misconduct may be penalized by loss of the match
and/or elimination from the competition.
4.
Going out-of-bounds = 1 point
·
5.
Resume
Bout Standing
· Anytime the period is interrupted, wrestling
will resume in the standing position unless an infraction has been committed by
the bottom wrestler.
· Then a caution and points will be awarded and
wrestling will resume in the par terre position
6.
New
Clinches
·
In freestyle,
any period that ends with a 0-0 score goes to the clinch.
·
In each
period of Greco Roman, the wrestlers will go into a par terre clinch at the 1
minute and the
·
See Clinch
rules on page 17
7.
Elimination
from the Rules:
· Warnings for passivity
· Choice of position after caution.
· The one point escape
· The extra point for the lift from par terre
· The limitation of scoring on the leg lace and
the gut wrench.
8. 5 minute rest between matches
·
Although
this was the practice at most tournaments during the 2005 season. 15 minute
rest is between matches is the rule for all
9. The Bout, Option to continue
· In the case where a wrestler has achieved a 6
point advantage, executed 2X 3-point actions or executed a 5-point action, the
referee must wait for a possible fall.
CONCEPTS OF FREESTYLE AND GRECO ROMAN WRESTLING
The following three
principles are the basic elements of wrestling rules. The following three
principles are the basic elements of wrestling rules.
Total wrestling defines the dynamic aspect of the sport. The bout, 3-2 minute periods, is 6 minutes of active wrestling time. Wrestlers must attack and counterattack during the entire match. The contest must be rich with action.
Total wrestling requires strongly developed endurance. Total wrestling requires a quick pace and continuous action.
New Concepts in Wrestling
Starting in 2006, USA Wrestling age-group
wrestling in the international styles will all be contested with the new FILA
rules. This will be something different for many involved in youth wrestling,
including coaches, athletes, referees, tournament officials and fans. New rules
will be in affect at all
There is no reason for coaches, athletes and officials to worry about the changes. Wrestling is still wrestling, the skills needed to succeed in wrestling are still the same, and the switch to the new rules will be smooth once the coaches and athletes give them a try.
The rules of international wrestling changed after the 2004 Olympic Games. FILA, the international wrestling federation, made adjustments to the Olympic styles in many ways, including the structure of each match and how competitions are conducted.
Under the new rules, an athlete must win two of the three periods of a match to claim victory. The match is similar to a tennis match, with each period just like a set in tennis. Once the wrestler wins two periods, the match is completed.
Included in the changes was a revision of a Greco-Roman match, where there is now wrestling on the mat (par terre) in each period. The first half of the period is contested on the feet. Each wrestler is placed on the bottom position for 30 seconds, with a new Greco clinch using the reverse lift.
Universal Wrestling
Universal wrestling is a quality, which enriches the sport. Universal wrestling requires a variety of actions and holds, and the development of new techniques. It applies to wrestling in the standing and in par terre position.
The range of possible holds is unlimited. The wrestler must strive to master the techniques involved in as many holds as possible. The wrestler, who exhibits diversity in their performance throughout the match, is wrestling universally.
Risk in Wrestling
Risk is the willingness of the wrestler to expose themselves to the possible loss of position or points during attempts to score against their opponent. The courage to take risks is a quality of the strong wrestler. The coach must insist upon development of this quality.
The concept of risk in wrestling should not be misinterpreted. It does not mean that the wrestler can execute a hold improperly and not lose points or the advantage of their position.
Officials Responsibilities to the Sport
Officials must keep abreast of the changes in technique that good coaches bring to the sport. Failure to be knowledgeable of these changes also inhibits the growth of the sports popularity. Wrestling, like all other sports, obeys Rules, which constitute the "Rules of the Game" and define its practice, the aim of which is to "pin" the opponent or to win on points. These regulations apply to all the styles recognized by modern wrestling controlled by the FILA.
The Greco-Roman Style and the Freestyle basically differ as follows:
· In Greco-Roman Wrestling, it is strictly forbidden to grasp the opponent below the belt line or to trip him or to use the legs actively to perform any action.
· In Free Style wrestling, however, it is permissible to grasp the legs of the opponent, to trip them and to use the legs actively to perform any action.
· Traditional wrestling, as practiced world wide, are subject to specific rules.
Frequently modified and always subject to further modification,
the Rules set forth herein must be known and accepted by all wrestlers,
coaches, referees and leaders. They call upon those who practice the sport to
fight totally and universally, with complete honesty and fair play for the
pleasure of the spectators.
TAKE
RESPONSIBLILITY FOR YOU ACTIONS
WRESTLERS,
WRESTLE
COACHES, COACH
OFFICIALS,
OFFICIATE & PROTECT
PARENTS &
SPECTATORS, ENCOURAGE & SUPPORT
Many of us wear multiple hats as we work with wrestlers throughout the season. Don’t try to do more than one at a time. Represent yourself with integrity. There are many young eyes watching and learning from your actions.
GRECO-ROMAN WRESTLING - FREE
STYLE WRESTLING - WOMEN’S WRESTLING
Age categories 2006
All
matches are 3-two minute periods with 30-second rest between periods
PEEWEES Born 2000-01 (Compete at club and state level only)
BANTAM Born 1998-99 (Compete at club and state level only)
MIDGET Born 1996-97
NOVICE Born 1994-95
SCHOOLBOY/GIRL Born 1992-93 (FILA Schoolgirl 1990-91)
CADETS Born 1989-90, Men and Women
(1991 with medical certificate)
JUNIORS Born
(Wrestlers born in 1989
requires medical certificate)
UNIVERSITY Born 1982-88 Men and Women
(Must have graduated from high school)
SENIORS Born 1986 or before 1987-89
(Wrestlers born 1986 requires medical certificate)
Wrestlers in the junior age category are allowed to participate in the competitions for seniors. However, wrestlers aged 18 in the year concerned must provide a medical certificate and parental authorization. Wrestlers aged 17 in the year in question may not participate in senior competitions.
See Weight
Chart Insert, Age Groups, and Match Duration Chart in the middle of this
booklet
Weigh
In
· No wrestler may be accepted at the weigh-in if they have not undergone a medical examination within the time period stipulated in the Regulations governing the competition in question. Medical examinations are always performed before the weigh-in.
o
Wrestlers must show their
o The contestants will be weighed wearing their competition singlet (high cut for all FILA and USAW Senior level events) but without their shoes after having been examined by qualified physicians who are obliged to eliminate any wrestler who presents any danger of contagious disease.
o No weight tolerance will be allowed for the singlet, including women.
o Contestants must be in perfect physical condition, with their fingernails cut very short.
o For all competitions, there is only one weigh-in per weight category.
Note: Officials responsible for the weigh-in must check that the wrestler’s singlet is the singlet, which they will use for the competition. Inform all wrestlers of the risk they run if they present themselves on the mat in incorrect dress. Wrestlers and coaches are responsible to know the regulations for the competition singlet.
Weight Reduction
More
and more pressure is being put on the wrestling community to eliminate the
practice of drastic weight reduction by wrestlers, especially in the Kids
divisions. The use of plastic suits and
the like are strictly prohibited at all times.
Local, State, and National level
competitions have modified weigh in times and stipulations. When attending these competitions read
carefully all rules and regulations that apply to that specific competition. Many
national level competition weigh-in begin at a posted times and end when the
last contestant in the room has weighed in, which is often less than ½
hour.
Failure to Weigh In
For tournaments that have adopted multiple day weigh-ins, failure of the wrestler to make weight, or their failure to weigh in eliminates them from the tournament and they cannot place. All other wrestlers in the weight will be moved up for placing purposes.
Wrestlers Dress/Uniform
At the beginning of each day, each competitor must be closely shaven or have a beard of several months' growth.
The competition singlet
Contestants must appear on the edge of the
mat wearing a FILA approved one-piece singlet of the color assigned to them (red
or blue). Many colors can be construed
as red or blue, be aware that this rule is being enforced at state and national
level competition. Wrestlers should check their singlet at weigh-ins to make sure they
conform to the rule.
Competitions
such as Kids, Cadets and Juniors in Regional-National or National it is
forbidden to have mixtures of red and blue on the same singlet. A reversible singlet is legal.
Only one singlet can be worn during competition. “Bikers shorts” or other undergarments can never extend below the regulation singlet.
Contestants must have a cloth handkerchief with them during the whole of the match and must show it to the referee beforehand.
Ear protectors
The use of headgear is authorized and recommended in Junior, Cadet, FILA and Cadet (mandatory by Kids modifications – when enforced) competition. Headgear is allowed in Senior, University and FILA Junior competition, but must be removed at the request of the opponent unless worn for a certified medical reason.
Shoes
Contestants must wear wrestling shoes providing firm support for the ankles. Shoes with laces should be wrapped with sticky tape around the ankles so that they do not come undone during the match. Each competitor is responsible for providing the tape for the shoelaces.
Dress/Uniform for Women
o The wearing of an under-wired bra is forbidden.
o It is forbidden to wear earrings, barrettes, bracelets, rings, or any metal or rigid object, as well as men’s wrestling singlet with a T-shirt underneath.
o
The wearing of
FILA sanctioned ear protector is obligatory for all female age categories.
All wrestlers are prohibited to:
o Wear bandages on wrists, arms or ankles except in the case of injury and on doctor’s orders. These bandages must be covered with elastic straps.
o Apply any greasy or sticky substance to the body
o Arrive at the mat perspiring for the beginning of the match as well as for the second and third period. It is the responsibility of the coach and the wrestler to report dry and “toweled down”.
o Wear any object that might cause injury to the opponent, such as rings, bracelets, prosthesis, etc.
At the weigh-in, the official must check that each competitor satisfies the requirements of this article. The wrestler must be warned at the weigh-in that, if their appearance is not correct, they will not be allowed to enter the competition. If the wrestler enters the mat with a non-conform appearance, the officiating team will allow a maximum of 1 minute in order for them to conform. If, after this time, the wrestler is still at fault, they will lose the match.
The Mat
The official international mat consists of four distinct areas:
o The Center area, which is a 7-meter diameter circle.
o The Clinch area, which is a one-meter circle in the very center of the mat.
o The Passivity zone, which is a one-meter band around the perimeter of the Center area.
o The Protection area, which should extend a minimum of 1.2 meters beyond the Passivity zone.
Unfortunately, we seldom have the opportunity to work on the official mat. At most tournaments, we see circles of different sizes, square and rectangles. Whatever variation is used, the following criteria must be met:
o
The out of bounds area must be clearly
marked. Each pair of wrestlers is
entitled to a wrestling area devoid of obstructions, including other wrestlers,
coaches and observers, etc. This is a goal all coaches and officials
should strive to achieve.
o
The passivity zone must be marked, or you
(the official) must be able to consistently visualize a one meter band around
the edge of the central wrestling area,
o
The maximum available protection area must
be maintained, for the safety of the wrestlers.
Passivity Zone
The passivity Zone will still be marked on many competition mats. However, passivity is no longer called in international wrestling. This rule may be adjusted as it becomes clearer as to how to apply the new rules. For now ignore the passivity zone.
Out of Bounds in the Neutral Position
o
If one
supporting point of either wrestler enters the protection area, before a
takedown is started. The wrestlers are
out of bounds. (The line is out of
bounds) A point would be awarded to the
opposing wrestler.
o
If during a
throw, the defensive wrestler’s foot
touches the protection area, while they are under attack, allow the action to
continue, so that the offensive wrestle can complete their action.
o
If a
wrestler starts a throw in the center area, that carries the wrestlers through
the passivity zone and into the protection area, they are out of bounds, but all offensive points are scored.
o
If a wrestler
starts a takedown in the center area, which carries the wrestlers through the
passivity area and the takedown is completed as they land in the protection
area, they are out of bounds, but all
offensive points are scored.
o
If a
wrestler is thrown out of bounds, and immediately does a re-roll or counter,
they are out of bounds and no points are scored. No scoring action can begin out of bounds.
o
If a
wrestler is being thrown, and they then do a re-throw which lands in the
protection area, but was started before their foot entered the protection area,
they are out of bounds, but all points
from the counter are scored.
Out
of Bounds in the Pare Terre Position
o If the pinning points of the defensive wrestler cross the plane of the out of bounds line, with no turn imminent the wrestlers are out of bounds. If the pinning points of the defensive wrestler are in bounds, even though both the wrestler’s feet and legs have gone beyond the plane of the out of bounds line, they are still inbounds. (Use caution in Kids tournaments where there is a small protection area.)
The out of bounds rule is somewhat suppressed while wrestling in par terre. If a foot or hand touches out –of- bounds while action of a turn or scoring is occurring, allow wrestling to continue. In par terre as long as the bottom wrestlers head and shoulders remain in bounds the wrestling will continue. The attacking wrestler may execute holds even if all four legs are out of bounds.
o On the contrary, in par terre wrestling, the action of intentionally carrying the opponent out-of-bounds will be penalized by a caution to the attacking wrestler and 1 point to the opponent. Wrestling will resume standing.
Fleeing the Mat
There is no longer a fleeing the
mat rule, except for the wrestler who flees in a pinning hold. This is a caution and 2 points and wrestling
resumes in par terre.
Match Procedures
Duration of the Matches
All matches in all age groups are 3-two minute periods, with a 30 second rest between periods. Officials should be reminded that the 30 second rest should be from whistle to whistle and not be allowed to extend by additional coaching and extensive toweling of the wrestlers.
Rest Between
Matches;
All
Overtime:
Overtime is
another rule that has fallen by the wayside because of the new rule of
declaring a winner at the end of each period.
The rule in freestyle of a clinch at the end of a 0-0 period is sort of
30 second overtime for a single period. (See Clinch rules)
The “Clinch”
Note: The
clinch is applied in women’s wrestling the same as men’s.
Hand grip
for clinch in both Freestyle and Greco
Freestyle clinch
· Offensive wrestlers head outside
· Hands locked behind knee
· Defensive wrestlers hands on middle of defensive wrestlers back
Correct
Defensive start in Greco clinch and any Par Terre start.
The
illustration on the right shows the Greco starting positions for the clinch as
it applies to “Kids” rules. Both
knees on the mat.
The inside
knee can on but not over the 3” center line under the defensive wrestler.
The illustration below is the correct starting position for
the Greco clinch in Cadets, Juniors and older.
Cadets will be allowed this start at national level competitions.
One or both
feet of the offensive wrestler can be on the line but over the line.
There are a
number of things an official can do to make sure that the clinch ends with
positive results:
Flip the disk as the wrestlers report to the center of the mat. Show the wrestlers and the coaches which color won the toss.
Order the winning wrestler to lock first (with a finger lock, see insert, Page 17) and immediately place your whistle in your mouth.
If
either wrestler steps out of bounds they will be penalized 1 point. There is no situation where the wrestlers
step out of bounds simultaneously. The
officiating team must determine which wrestler is to be penalized.
Situations in which clinching must be ordered
Freestyle wrestling at the end of the period, if
the score is 0-0.
o
Each
period of Greco Roman, the wrestlers will go into a Par Terre clinch at the 1
minute and the
Freestyle clinch:
8. The wrestler who loses the coin toss shall
present a leg of his or her choice for the offensive wrestler’s clinch.
9. He/she clasps hands behind the knee, hand
to hand.
10. The defensive wrestler’s hands must be
placed on the midline of the offensive wrestlers back until the whistle is
blown.
11. The referee immediately blows the whistle
to start wrestling.
12. The clinch last 30 seconds in freestyle. If
the winner of the clinch coin toss does not score, he/she will receive a
caution and his/her opponent will receive a point and win the period/match.
13. If either wrestler steps in the protection
area, the officiating team determines which wrestler stepped out first and the
result will be a caution (in the clinch only) and 1 point for the opponent,
thus winning the period/match.
14. There are no slip throws in the clinch
situation. The wrestler who ends up in
the dominant position will score 1 point, thus winning the period/match.
15. If a wrestler carries his opponent outside
the mat without the opponent’s feet touching the mat/ground, the offensive will
receive a caution and 1 point will go to the opponent, thus winning the period/match.
Greco Roman Clinch
16. Each period of a Greco Roman match will
consist of 1 minute of wrestling in the standing position, and two 30 second
“clinches” in the par terre position.
17. After the 1st minute the referee
will stop the match and order a wrestler in the par terre position. The wrestler who has scored the most
technical points after one minute will take hold first. If points are tied the
same criteria for determining the winning of a period will apply.
18. If neither of the wrestlers has scored a technical
point, the referee will flip a disk to determine which wrestler will take the
par terre position. The winner will take hold first.
19. The defensive wrestler will taking the par
terre position must place his/her hands and knees as illustrated (bottom page
18). Arms and legs must be at right angles to the mat.
20. All Kids
divisions wrestlers will start the Greco clinch with the offensive wrestler’s
knees in contact with the mat. Minnesota is suggesting that Cadets start on one
knee in the Greco Clinch. National
level Cadet tournaments will allow the offensive wrestler to start standing.
21. The attacking wrestler may touch but not
move or disturb the bottom wrestler with his legs. His feet or knees may touch
the line 3” center line but may not cross over the line. In an effort to develop a fair starting
position for the Greco clinch, FILA is been testing different means to guide
the position of the wrestlers. These
interpretations will change during the season.
In the case of small open tournaments officials must “imagine” a center
line if one is not marked on the mat.
All efforts must be made to have a safe and correct start for the
wrestlers.
22. If at the end of the 1st minute,
a wrestler is held in the danger position (pinning situation), the referee will
not stop the match and the 2 mandatory par terre positions are eliminated.
23. If at the end of the first clinch period, a
wrestler is held in the danger position, the referee will not stop the match
and the 2nd mandatory par terre position is eliminated.
24. To execute the Greco clinch, the top
wrestler grabs the bottom in a reverse body. The wrestler who takes hold can be
in a standing position or have one knee on the mat. (USA kid’s modification, the top wrestler in
schoolboy/girl age group and younger will start the Greco “reverse body lock”
clinch with both knees on the mat.)
25. The arms of the attacking wrestler must be
brought in simultaneously and the hands lock in order to be a valid
clinch.
26. Once the hold is executed (locked) the
referee will immediately blow the whistle and the top wrestler can execute the
hold. His opponent can immediately start defending the hold. During the 30 seconds, both wrestlers can
execute all possible actions in standing or par terre position and can earn a
fall to end the match.
27. If there is no winner after the first 30
second clinch and the top wrestler has not scored any technical points, he will
be given a caution and 1 technical point will be awarded to the opponent.
28. If the period has not been decided
after the first 30 second clinch, the wrestler who was on top will place
himself in the par terre position and the other wrestler initiates the Greco
clinch.
29. Improper starts in the Greco clinch. First
foul by either wrestler is addressed with an” attention”.
30. 2nd foul for improper start by
the top wrestler is addressed by a caution plus 1 point and wrestling resumes
in standing. The top wrestler must still score or be penalized at the end of
the 30 seconds.
31. 2nd foul for improper start by
the bottom wrestler is addressed by a caution plus 2 points and wrestling
resumes in the clinch position, the top wrestler is not penalized if there is
no scoring in the 30 second clinch.
32. Leaving the mat during the Greco clinch in
par terre: no penalty resume wrestling in the clinch for the remainder of the
30 second period.
33.
34. If fleeing the mat is called while in the
par terre position: penalize, caution + 1, and resume wrestling in clinch
position for the remainder of the 30 second period.
35. If fleeing is called in the danger
position: penalize, caution + 2 and resume in a normal par terre start.
36. If wrestlers are standing and either step
into the protection area: penalize, 1 point, no caution, and resume
wrestling in the standing position.
Starting Positions
The Neutral position (on the feet)
o Both wrestlers standing in or astride the center circle
o Blue on the referee’s right and red on the left as the official faces the scorers (chairman’s) table.
The Neutral position is used in the following situations:
o To start all periods.
o After the wrestlers go out of bounds in the standing position.
o After a slip throw and the top man has had an opportunity to score in the par terre position.
o After the match is stopped because of lack of activity in par terre.
o After a wrestler gains advantage by offensive legs in Greco Roman matches.
The Par Terre Position (on the mat)
Bottom wrestler
o The bottom wrestler’s right side should be to the chairman or scorers table.
o
Thighs
must be vertical, spread no wider than the hips, and at a 90-degree angle to
back and knees.
o Hands must be 8-12 inches from the knees, can be spread to the side (shoulder width) but not extended to the front.
o Feet or legs cannot be crossed.
Top wrestler
o Stays back until bottom wrestler is set and official signals them on.
o Must place their hands in a correct position (Thumbs or fingers touching placed in the middle of the back, along the spine, between the shoulders and hips).
o The top wrestler cannot adjust the bottom wrestler’s position once the official has determined the bottom wrestler is set in a legal starting position. Other than his hands the top wrestler cannot touch the bottom wrestler.
The par terre position is used to restart the match in the following situations:
o After the wrestlers go out bounds in par terre, while the defensive wrestler was on their back in a pinning situation.
o If the bottom wrestler takes an illegal hold in the par terre position, he/she will receive a caution 1 or 2 points given to his/her opponent and. The bout resumes in par terre.
False or incorrect
starting position
The bottom wrestler:
o First time, a friendly but firm caution “attention”
o Second and subsequent times, warning (like that of fleeing the mat or illegal hold (0 = caution) and 2 point to their opponent and resume wrestling in the par terre position.)
The top wrestler:
o First time, a friendly but firm caution “attention”
o Second and subsequent times, warning (like that of fleeing the mat or illegal hold (0) and 1 point to their opponent and resume wrestling in the standing position.)
Note: The wrestlers should only be expected to hold this start position for less than 1 second once contact is made. Officials should be ready to sound the whistle immediately after determining that the wrestlers are in a legal starting position. Each new starting situation begins with a new set of warnings.
Stopping & Continuing the Bout
In all cases where wrestling is stopped in standing or “par terre’ position, the match will resume in standing.
37. Wrestling is stopped if:
38. One foot touches the protection area while
standing (1 point awarded to the other wrestler
39. The wrestlers enter the zone with 2, 3, or
4 feet and stay there without executing a hold.
40. The head or shoulders of the bottom
wrestler touch the protection area while in par terre (without penalty for
fleeing)
MEDICAL SERVICE (Injury time or blood time)
The organizer of the competition is obliged to provide a medical service responsible for conducting medical examinations prior to the weigh-in and give medical assistance during the bouts.
Before the competitors weigh in, the doctors shall examine the athletes and evaluate their state of health. IF a competitor is considered to be in poor health or in a condition that is dangerous to them self or to their opponent, they shall be excluded from participating in the competition. Wrestlers with skin issues that are contagious should not be allowed to compete. Ringworm that has been determined by the doctor to be beyond the contagious state should be covered.
Throughout the competitions, and at any time, the medical service must be prepared to intervene in case of an accident, and to decide whether a wrestler is fit to continue the contest.
The doctor in charge has the right and duty to stop a bout at any time through the mat chairman, whenever they consider that either competitor is in danger. They may also stop a bout immediately by declaring one of the wrestlers unfit to continue. The wrestler must never leave the mat, except in the event of a serious injury requiring their immediate removal.
In the event of a wrestler being injured, the referee must immediately ask the doctor to intervene and must ask them if the stoppage is justified or not. If the doctor signals that the stoppage is intentional, and the wrestler is not injured, the referee will ask the judge or the mat chairman to impose a sanction (1 point and caution).
If a wrestler has a visible injury or is bleeding, the doctor will have the time necessary to treat the injury and they then decide if the wrestler can carry on the match or not. There is no time limit. 5 minutes is a recommended time to stop or control bleeding.
Note: This rule is adjusted depending on the competition. It is recommended that all competitions, other than State and National level, adhere to the 5-minute blood time and the 2-minute injury timeout.
In competitions where there is no official doctor, the referee can suspend the bout for a maximum of 2 minutes in any one match. The officials decide if the wrestlers are acting intentionally or not.
This stoppage can be allowed on one or more times and is valid for both wrestlers.
The timekeeper for the mat concerned will announce each 30-second interval.
The referee shall call the two wrestlers to return to the center of the mat and resume wrestling 10 seconds before the 2 minutes are up.
Special Greco Roman Considerations
In Greco Roman wrestling the wrestlers cannot:
o Grasp or block the opponent below the hips.
o Use the legs actively while executing any action, such as:
§ Tripping the opponent
§ Elevating the opponent with legs
§ Pushing, pressing or lifting opponent by using opponent’s legs
§ Blocking or squeezing their opponent with legs
§ Placing their hands below their own hips for defensive or offensive use
§ The bottom wrestler bending knees to stop the top wrestler freedom of moving from side to side in the par terre position.
In Greco Roman wrestling the wrestlers must:
o Accompany their opponent to the mat while throwing (Can not release the opponent as in Freestyle)
o Constantly be in contact with their opponent.
In Greco Roman wrestling, the wrestler will not be penalized for landing in, and momentarily remaining in, the bridge position, while taking the risk of throwing their opponent, and immediately completing the move, if their opponent did not counterattack them. (Consider risk factor with the limited moves available.)
Legal Greco Roman for Kids
At National level events, Cadets and Kids in the Midget, Novice, and Schoolboy classes will be permitted to compete.
At National level events, if a Kids division wrestler attempts a throw that could become an illegal high amplitude throw, the referee will stop the action, before the throw has gone too far and restart in the neutral position.
Scoring
Philosophy of Scoring
To do a good job of scoring a wrestling match the official’s focus must be on the two wrestlers, their movement, and anticipation of their movement. Referee and the judge often see a flurry of action differently. Reconstruction of the action by the officiating team to get all the points scored and recorded right on the bout sheet is the obligation of every official. Remember that points never go away once they are scored.
Technical Points
Technical points are those points scored by wrestler during the match, the execution of holds and moves, as well as penalty points awarded due to illegal actions by their opponents.
One Point
o
Takedown (when 3 supporting points are on
the mat: 2 hands and 1 knee, or 2 knees and 1 hand. At least 1 knee must touch
the mat.)
o
Reversal
o
Back exposure to the mat with hands on the
mat
o
Back exposure to the mat without hands or
elbows on the mat (Wrestler forces opponents back to be exposed to the mat but
the defensive wrestler keeps their elbows and hands off the mat)
o
Turn, such as a gut wrench or ankle lace,
through 360 degrees, but opponents shoulders, or elbows do not touch the mat
during the exposure (hand to hand or equivalent)
o
Appreciation throw: (
o Change in 2006; the additional 1 point (3+1, 5+1) for a lift from par terre is no longer in effect.
o
Opponent steps in protection area in
standing position
o
Opponent flees the hold, (opponent also
receives a caution) this happens in
Greco when the wrestler does not remain in contact with their opponent.
o
Opponent is cautioned for an illegal hold if
wrestler was not in the process of scoring (Without consequence)
o
Opponent is cautioned for an illegal hold
during a successful scoring move by the offensive wrestler
o
Escape: Change in 2006: There is no longer
an escape point.
o
Second consecutive false start by top
wrestler in par terre.
o
Hold opponent in danger for five seconds.
Two Points
o
Tilt opponent to the danger position (Angle
of the shoulders or the back less that 90 degrees to the mat)
o
Block opponent in the danger position while
opponent is in the process of attempting to score or trying to secure a hold
o
Instantaneous fall: Offensive wrestler lands
or lays on or [touches] both shoulders, even if the shoulders are out of
bounds, while attempting to throw their opponent or while attempting to lift
their opponent. If the throw lands in
the protection area let it carry through.
The thrower is given the chance to finish their move and score. Points could be 0-2, 1-2, 2-2, 3-2 or 5-2.
o
Opponent is cautioned for using an illegal
hold while wrestler is attempting to throw their opponent (With consequence:
Opponent using a illegal hold to prevent wrestler form scoring)
o
Counter move to an opponents throw which results
in a takedown to the danger position (A counter move can not score more that 2
points when it was their opponent who initiated the action)
o
Turns opponent through a 360-degree move and
opponent’s head, elbow, or shoulder touches the mat while their back is less
than 90 degrees to the mat.
Three points
o
Takedown which starts with the opponent on
their feet, and the wrestler takes their opponent down to the danger position
o
Takedown, which starts with the opponent on
their feet, and the wrestler, takes their opponent to the mat, not in the
danger position but the force of the move causes the opponent to go the danger
position without hesitation. (Example: Slow developing head and arm)
o
Body lift from the pare terre position, in
which the opponent is taken completely off the mat and thrown to the danger
position (Opponents hands can be dragging on the mat)
o
Any high amplitude throws where the opponent
is turned through a 360-degree circle, but does not land in a danger position.
o
Counter throw when opponent lands in the
danger position (Opponent initiated the original action and the defensive
wrestler re-initiated the action by
throwing their opponent)
Five points
o
Any high amplitude throws where the
defensive wrestler lands in the danger position. This may be scored form either the neutral
position, or the par terre position. Four criteria must be met:
o
The defensive wrestle must suffer a complete
loss of control.
o
The defensive wrestler’s feet must describe
an arc through the air.
o
The defensive wrestler’s hips must pass
above those of the offensive wrestler.
o
The defensive wrestler must land in the danger position.
Throw at the End of the Period
A throw is not valid, and no points are scored of the throw is not complete when the buzzer sounds at the end of the period. (Impact with the mat must occur before the buzzer sounds.)
Tilts and Move Limits
Change 2006: Gut wrench or Body Lock Tilt and Laced ankle moves can now
score more than once as successive moves.
Cheap Tilts:
o If a wrestler uses a cheap tilt on their opponent and opponent returns to a position where they could defend themselves, the tilt can be used again. (There are no limits on tilts as long as the criteria of defense are met.)
Note: Repeated half-nelsons, cradles, Okie tips and similar moves are cheap tilts, and the wrestler cannot score with the same move a second time until the wrestler releases the hold and permits the opponent the opportunity to defend.
Slipped throw and Slipped turns
When a wrestler initiates a throw or turn against their opponent, and the wrestler “slips” the move and goes to their own chest, without their opponent using a counter move or counter hold, it is considered a “slip”.
When the officials determine that the move is a slip they should allow wrestling to continue in the par terre position without penalty to the wrestler taking the risk. The top wrestler has opportunity to score.
No wrestler can “slip” to their back. In the case of slipped throw, gut wrench or front headlock, the wrestler must proceed immediately to their chest or be scored against by way of a counter move.
Slipped Headlock from the feet
o Wrestler initiates a headlock, misses entirely and immediately goes to the mat with their opponent on top. (It is not a slip if the defensive wrestler stops the action, “catches” and then takes the wrestler to the mat.
o A solid headlock, but the opponent pops their head out during the action and ends up on top. (It is not a slip if the wrestler works their head free with a counter move such as reaching up and pushing the arm off the head).
o A solid headlock with the wrestler and their opponent ending up on the mat but the opponent works their head out by way of defensive action. Score 1 point for the top wrestler.
Note: Officials need to be in position for this action. Scenarios like these often occur on headlock throws:
o 0-1, top wrestler scores by working their head free on the mat
o 2-1 or 3-1, the wrestler who initiates the throw scores points and the opponent ends up on top scoring 1 point
o 3-2 pr 2-2, the wrestler who initiates the throw scores points and the opponent ends up rolling them through scoring 2 points
o 0-3, the wrestler who initiates the throw is countered, taking the initial throw away with a direction change and the counter throw scores 3 points.
Note: Remember that any throw that starts with the wrestler who initiates the throw with their opponent on their knees can only be scored 2 points. If the wrestlers are on their knees you are in par terre. The rule says “feet to back” to fulfill a 3 point score,
Slipped arm throw:
o Poor throw and the opponent ends up on top, no points are scored but wrestling will continue is the par terre position.
Note: It is not a slip if the wrestler throws their opponent, ends up facing each other on the mat, and then either wrestler immediately goes around and ends up on top. This could end up being:
1-1 for appreciation throw and the takedown
1+1 for the appreciation throw and the takedown (seldom called)
0 -1 for the opponent’s takedown if it was not a well executed throw
Slipped throw/hold:
o The wrestler initiates a throw, lands in the bridge position, realizes they cannot complete the throw and immediately goes to the chest.
Falls and Technical Superiority
o
A fall occurs
when the wrestler throws their opponent to the mat and the opponent lands
squarely and simultaneously on both shoulders as they impact the mat with
the offensive wrestler in total control.
o The amount of time for a fall in all but Kids wrestling is the amount of time it takes you to say “21,22”. For Kids the fall is 2 seconds.
o Both the pinning points must be inbounds without the head touching out of bounds to declare a fall.
o Technical superiority occurs when there is a difference of 6 points between the wrestler and their opponent, in the period, and there is not a continuous action in which the opponents scored points that reduced the difference to less than 6 points.
o Officials must visually observe and see the fall. All falls in must be confirmed if a 3 man officiating team is being used.
Notes: The period is not over, even though the
difference is 6 (Typo) points, until the action has stopped, nor when the
wrestler is attempting to pin their opponent.
A separate scoring action by the opponent, after the wrestler has gained
a difference of 6 points against their opponent, is not counted. Any points
earned during the move that caused the 6-point margin are counted.
In team and tournament competition wrestlers should
be asked if they wish to continue the period so that they might gain a fall
over the opponent if the opponent has scored technical points.
Classification Points
Classification points are those points earned by
wrestlers as a result of the out come of each match. These points are used to determine placement
in the tournament. Classification points are awarded as follows:
|
For the winner: 5 For the loser: 0 |
|
o Fall (Pin) o Injury default o Disqualification for misconduct For the winner: 4 For the loser: 0 o Technical superiority, loser scored no technical points. o Forfeit (Withdrawal from the tournament) o Disqualification for 3 cautions |
|
For the winner: 4 For the loser: 1 |
|
o Technical superiority, loser scored technical points |
|
For the winner: 3 For the loser: 0 |
|
o
Decision,
loser scored no technical points |
|
For the winner: 3 For the loser: 1 |
|
o
Decision,
loser scored some technical points |
|
For the winner: 0 For the loser: 0 |
|
o Both wrestlers are disqualified for misconduct o Both wrestler forfeit |
Brutality
It is against the rules to intentionally inflict
pain on the opponent by using brutal holds or moves. The wrestler who uses
these brutal holds and moves will be disqualified from the match they are
competing in, and may be disqualified form the tournament. (The Head Official
& Tournament Director will make the final decision for disqualification
from the tournament.)
The following situations are considered brutality:
o
Thrusting knee
into opponents stomach
o
Fisticuffs
o
Intentionally
fractures opponents bones
o
Intentionally
dislocates opponents joints
o
A twisting
action to cause suffering
o
Driving towards
opponents head when opponent is bridging
o
Lifting
opponent, who is bridging, and driving or throwing them back to the mat. (Can only press opponent to mat without lift)
o
Pile driver. If
opponent is upside down, wrestler must take their opponent to the side (A “guide” is to have some part of the offensive wrestlers
body, other than their feet, must touch the mat before the upper part of their
opponents body touches the mat.)
o
Slamming your
opponent to the mat. If a wrestler lifts their opponent from the mat they are
responsible for their safe return to the mat.
o
Any illegal
hold with intent to injure opponent.
Illegal Hold & Moves, and Prohibited Actions, Consequences
Generally, if the attacking wrestler is found to
have violated the rules during the execution of a hold, the action is voided
and a verbal warning is given to the wrestler at fault. If the attacking wrestler repeats the action,
he will be given a caution and 1 point to his opponent. If the defending wrestler, by an illegal
action, prevents his opponent from scoring a hold, the wrestler at fault will
be cautioned and his opponent awarded 2 points.
It is the duty of the referee to stop the illegal
hold without interruption of the bout, if possible. If there is no danger allow the situation to
continue and wait for the result. (Example; defensive legs in Greco), then stop
the match and award points and assess the caution.
o Pulling opponents hair, ears, or genitals
o Biting the opponent (This can also be considered brutality)
o Pinching opponents skin
o Twisting opponents fingers or toes
o Kicking opponent
o Head butts
o Strangling or choking moves on the throat
o Neck wrench (Grasping opponents chin and pulling or twisting the neck)
o Intentionally stepping on opponents feet (Penalty and choice in Greco competition)
o Touching or poking face between eyebrows and mouth
o Grasping singlet
o Grasping mat
o Talking or taunting opponent during the match
o Grabbing the sole of the opponent’s foot. Wrestlers can only grab the upper part of the heel of the foot or at the ankle.
o Twisting the ankle by grasping the top side of the foot
o Jerking opponents arm to turn them. (Pulling arm bars up and away from the back can be considered illegal.)
o
Figure 4 of
more than 1 limb
o
Figure 4 or
straight scissors of the head or body
o
Pressure
applied to the leg forcing it away from the body
o
Sitting or
kneeling on the opponents head or back
o
Creating a Bow
by having the head in opponents back
o
The Guillotine
o
Turning or
twisting arms more than 90 degrees
o
Arm bar applied
to the forearm
o
Key lock
o
3/4 nelson,
with or without arm
o
Full nelson when
not applied from the side. Can only be used to turn opponent (Can never be
used to force head to the chest)
o
Hammer lock
with the forearm at less that 90 degrees from upper arm
o
Double arm cowcatcher
that is not taken to the side. (Opponents head must not be trapped under
offensive wrestlers chest or stomach)
o
Executing any
hold that compresses or stretches the spine
o
Encircling the
head without an arm
o
Double Nelsons
are strictly forbidden in women’s wrestling.
Additional
Illegal Holds for Cadets
o
Full Nelson
(from standing or par terre)
o West Point Ride, Iron Cross: Change in 2005 these move are legal in Cadets but should be watched by the official for becoming potentially dangerous.
Additional Illegal Holds and Moves for Kids
o Straight back Salto to the head
o Any form of Souplesse
o Full nelson (from standing or par terre)
o Cross chest cradle
o
o
Double arm bar
with a sit out
Notes: Most of the time the loss of position
is enough of a penalty for illegal holds that have been stopped to protect the
defensive wrestler, such as in
the application of a full nelson or placing a knee in the back. Penalties that include cautions and points
should be used in moderation, especially in Kids wrestling. It is more important to stop the situation or
hold.
Additional
Illegal Holds and Moves for Greco Roman Wrestling
o
Bending knee(s)
or elevating leg(s) while on the bottom in the Par Terre position, with the
intent of blocking the top wrestler from passing across the body to execute a
hold.
o
Forcing the
opponents hands below the waist to prevent them from securing a body lock
o
Placing their
hands below the opponent’s hips as a defensive move.
o
Repeated abuse
of offensive contact wrestling below the hips.
o
Hooking
opponents legs
Notes:
Incidental bumping of the legs occurs frequently
during a Greco match. It is OK if neither wrestler gains advantage.
It is OK for a wrestler to place their leg between
their opponent’s legs when their opponent is attempting to lift for a throw
from the par terre position as long as there is no defensive pressure
applied.
If a wrestler uses their or the opponent’s legs
during a tilt, a takedown, or during throw of their opponent, warn the wrestler
for the first offence and disallow the move. The wrestler loses their position
if in par terre. If the wrestler continues to use the legs for offensive moves,
a caution and choice should be assessed.
Potentially Dangerous Situations
Due to the wide array of moves, which are available
for wrestlers to use, there are many potentially dangerous holds and moves that
develop during the action. Virtually, all illegal holds begin as potentially
danger situations. The official must be constantly aware of the action on the
mat to prevent these potentially dangerous situations form developing
further. Many perfectly legal holds can
also become potentially dangerous, inadvertently.
Do not hesitate to stop the action if you sense the
hold or move that being applied could result in an injury to one of the
wrestlers. The official is the wrestles only means of protection in preventing
their opponent from injuring, intentionally or inadvertently. If you are
uncertain, STOP the
action. It is better to have made an error in judgment that prevented a valid
move than to permit a preventable injury.
Cautions and Warnings
Warnings
Warnings, or Remarks, are not cautions. The referee
issues warnings as they are talking to the wrestlers during competition. There
are numerous warnings given to the wrestlers during the match. Warnings will precede all cautions for
passivity. Warnings may or may not precede cautions for illegal holds or
brutality. The referee, to issue warnings can stop the match, but it is not necessary
to issue a caution because the referee stopped the action to issue these
warnings.
Cautions
o
A caution may
be given for illegal holds.
o
A caution is
given for brutality, misconduct, and for fleeing the mat.
o
A caution is
given for the second or subsequent false starts by either wrestler for the same
situation. Warn the wrestler on the first false start. (Warnings are not
accumulative. They are for that single situation)
o
The third
caution disqualifies the wrestler from the match.
Procedures for Cautions
o
Cautions can be
initiated by the Referee or the Judge
o
Must be
confirmed by one of the other three officials
o
Cautions should
be marked as a (0) on the bout sheet as though it were a score.
o
The match must
be stopped immediately for illegal hold cautions against the offensive
wrestler.
o
The match is
stopped, after the action is completed, for illegal hold cautions against the
defensive wrestler, if it is not dangerous to either wrestler.
o
The wrestlers
are brought to the center of the mat, where the referee explains the caution to
the wrestler(s) and visibly assess the caution so the audience and the coaches
understand the scoring.
o
For the second
caution, the referee follows the same procedure making a point of informing the
wrestler and the coach that this is their second and FINAL caution and that
they will be disqualified for the next caution against them.
o
For the third
caution, the match ends. The winning wrestler gets 4 classification points the
loser 0. It is advisable, but not
necessary, that all 3 members of the officiating team confirm the third and
final caution.
o
Note: Cautions
will always be given for Brutality, Misconduct, and Fleeing. Cautions may be
given for illegal holds. The wrestler
will be cautioned if the illegal hold was done with intent to injure, or to
prevent a score. If the illegal hold is inadvertent or has occurred without
intent to injure there are cases where the official can instruct the wrester to
“adjust” the hold. If the wrestler does not release the hold they will be then
cautioned. (The referee will never take a pinning situation from the offensive
wrestler if their opponent is using an illegal hold. If necessary the referee will tell the
offending wrestler to release the hold to prevent injury, such as the defensive
wrestler putting their hand in the pinning wrestlers face.) If the defensive wrestler gets out of the
pinning situation because of an illegal hold there is a caution, 2 points for
the offensive wrestler.
Procedures for Passivity
The act of assessing a penalty for passivity is greatly reduced under the
new rules. However, young wrestlers
should be taught to stay active and practice “total, universal” wrestling that
involves risk. Coaches, athletes and officials must make sure the sport of
wrestling stays attractive as a spectator sport.
Look for modifications to the way that passivity will be assessed during the course of the year. Competitions under the new rules will make it clearer as to how passivity or lack of “total, universal” wrestling will be handled.
Definition of Passivity
It is generally considered that in wrestling, as in all other sports, wrestlers are obliged to take risks throughout the whole of the bout.
Passivity also exists for wrestling in the standing and the "par terre" position. For this reason, the referee must encourage the passive wrestler to be active.
If the wrestler does not respond to the referee’s demands, the criteria governing passivity must be applied in their case.
Generally, passivity is considered to be any behavior on the part of one or both wrestlers that are contrary to the spirit and aims of total universal wrestling and either in the standing or "par terre" position:
o Does not execute a proper hold
Are satisfied with physical efforts intended to neutralize the opponent
Gives the impression of not trying to initiate effective holds
o Continually obstruct the holds of the opponent
Continually lays flat on their stomachs in a closed position
Holds the opponent by one or both hands in order to prevent them from wrestling
Engages in combat with the head thrust forward, in order to prevent "body-to-body" contact in Greco-Roman wrestling
In Free Style wrestling, grips one leg of the opponent between two legs while remaining flat on the stomach without wrestling
Deliberately falls to the mat
Fleeing the Hold Penalty
As mentioned
earlier, passivity has been suppressed under the current rules. Fleeing the hold and avoiding wrestling is
however still forbidden by the rules.
Fleeing
the hold occurs when the defending wrestler openly refused contact in order to
prevent his opponent from executing or initiating a hold. These situations arise in both standing and
par terre positions. They may occur in
the central wrestling area or in the “zone”. Fleeing a hold shall be penalized
in the same way as fleeing the mat::
One
caution against the wrester at fault (0)
One
point to the opponent
Bout Sheet
The correct procedures for filling out bout sheets
are as follows:
Before
the match:
Make certain that BOTH are the correct wrestlers and
they are assigned the correct color. (At local tournaments, use judgment when
reassigning colors. If a wrester shows up in a predominantly Red or Blue
uniform, they “are” that color. Do not change so the tournament.
Note: Ask the wrestlers to tell you their last names. This can help alleviate the
possibility of having the wrong wrestlers on the mat.
If uniform colors have been assigned, such as
National and State tournaments, make sure that each wrestler’s singlet is the
correct color. If not, have the wrestler(s) change to the correct color. (To keep
this problem to a minimum, have some one at your table announcing on decks and
checking the colors.)
Write the Mat Officials names in the place provided.
o
Sign the bout
sheet
During the match:
o
When placing
scores on the sheet always use the actual numerical value of the points awarded
by the officials. Write 1,2,3,5, a 0 for a caution, a P for passivity, and (K)
for a clinch. Do not
use check marks, X’s, slashes, dots. Etc.
o
Indicate the
clinch with a “K” in the column of the wrestler who locks first.
o
Record
accumulated injury and blood time in the margin next to the score box of each
wrestler.
o
Tally points
and record the winner of each period.
o Record the elapsed time of each period.
o
Cross out the loser of each period.
After
the match:
o
Tally the
points for each wrestler and record them in the respective boxes, even if the
match ends in a fall.
To win the match by technical superiority and receive 4 classification point (4-0 or 4-1), the winner shall win two periods by either technical superiority, (6- point difference), 2X3 point actions or a 5-point action.
Have the winner sign the bout sheet.
o
All points
scored up a fall or a default must be included on the score sheet. The score
for the move that led to the fall should be circled.
If the match ends in a disqualification, the reason
for the disqualification must be included, and indicate whether it is from the
match or the event. Include the match
time.
Enter the classification points in the appropriate
boxes.
o
Place an X or
check in the appropriate box to indicate how the match ended. This is a verification of the classification
points and a way for the pairing table to cross check for possible mistakes on
the bout sheet.
o
Cross out the
losers box
o
Write the time
of day the bout ended in the lower right next to your signature.
o If two bout sheets are used the chairman is responsible for making sure that they are identical in scoring.
o
If a table
worker is filling out the sheet, it is the sole responsibility of the
mat officials to make sure the bout sheet is correct before sending it to the
pairing table.
Insert score sheet
examples
OFFICIATING TEAM COMPOSITION
(3MAN MECHANICS)
In all national level competitions, the officials for each bout shall consist of the following: (State competitions should make every effort to use 3 man mechanics when officiating matches.)
1 mat chairman
1 referee
1 judge
o Replacement of an official during a bout is strictly prohibited, except in the case of a serious illness or injury.
o You should not be involved as an official in matches involving your state at National level competitions. Officials should never officiating members of their club at state level competition.
o It is the duty of all officials of the team to follow each bout very carefully and to evaluate the actions of the wrestlers so that the results shown on the score sheet accurately reflect the specific nature of the bout.
o The mat chairman, referee and judge shall evaluate the holds individually in order to arrive at a final decision. The referee and judge must work together under the direction of the mat chairman, who co-ordinates the work of the officials.
o It is the duty of the officials to assume all of the functions of refereeing and judging, to award points and to impose the penalties stipulated in the Rules. The referee should position him/herself opposite of the Judge so different views or possibly alternative scores can be offered to the Chairman, if needed.
o All the points awarded must be shown to the public as soon as they are determined, either by means of paddles, an electric scoreboard, or by any other appropriate device.
o Officials are required to use the basic FILA vocabulary that is appropriate to their respective roles when conducting the bouts.
The Referee
o The referee is responsible for the orderly conduct of the bout on the mat, which they must direct according to the Rules.
o He must command the respect of the contestants and exercise full authority over them so that they immediately obey their orders and instructions. Similarly, they must conduct the bout without tolerating any irregular and untimely outside interventions.
o He shall work in close co-operation with the judge. Their whistle shall begin, interrupt and end the bout.
o The referee shall follow the wrestlers to the center of the mat after an interruption in the match for any reason. Wrestling will continue in the standing or "par terre" position with the approval of the judge (if needed), or failing that, with the approval of the mat chairman.
o The referee is required to wear a red wristband on their left arm, and a blue wristband on their right arm. They shall indicate with their fingers the points corresponding to the value of a hold after its execution either by raising their right arm if the wrestler in blue scored the points, or by raising their left arm if the wrestler in red scored them.
The referee must never hesitate to:
o Interrupt the bout at exactly the right time, neither too soon nor too late
o Indicate whether a hold executed at the edge of the mat should be scored
o Visibly count the five seconds during which the wrestler is held in a bridge position and award the additional point for this situation
o Signal and announce TOUCHE (fall) after seeking the agreement of the judge, or if this is not possible, of the mat chairman. In order to determine whether a wrestler has actually been pinned to the mat by both shoulders at the same time, the referee must count “21,22” to themselves, raise their hand to secure the agreement of the judge or the mat chairman, strike the mat with their hand and then blow the whistle.
The
referee must:
o Not get too close to the wrestlers when they are standing, since they would not be able to see their legs. However, they must stay closer to the wrestlers as they are wrestling in the "par terre" position.
o Rapidly and clearly order the position in which wrestling must be resumed: standing or "par terre" when they send the wrestlers back to the centre of the mat (their feet in the central circle) The right side of the wrestlers should be to the mat chairman if the wrestlers are places in par terre.
o Not stand so close to the wrestlers that they obstruct the view of the judges and the mat chairman, particularly if a fall appears imminent
o Ensure that the wrestlers do not rest during the bout on the pretence of wiping their bodies, blowing their noses, pretending to be injured, etc. In this case, they must stop the bout and ask for a caution (0) to the wrestler at fault and 1 point to their opponent.
o Be able to change their position from one moment to the next, on the mat or around it, and in particular, immediately fall flat onto their stomach to obtain a better view of an imminent fall
o Be ready to blow the whistle if the wrestlers approach the edge of the mat
o After out-of-bounds situations, allow the wrestlers to return to the center of the mat as you watch and follow. This allows you to witness altercations between the wrestlers or errors in sportsmanship by either wrestler.
The referee is also required to:
o Pay special attention to the wrestlers’ legs in Greco-Roman Wrestling
o Require the wrestlers to remain on the mat until the result of the bout is announced
o In all cases where agreement is necessary, i.e. the fall, first ask the opinion of the judge at the edge of the mat facing the mat chairman
o Vote with or against the other officials in situations where they must make the decision concerning a disqualification or victory
Proclaim the winner by raising the wrestlers hand after agreement with the mat chairman
o The referee requests penalties for violation of the Rules or for brutality.
o
The referee, if the mat chairman intervenes,
must interrupt the bout and proclaim period victory by technical superiority
when the wrestlers’ scores are 6 points apart. In this situation, they must
wait for the action - either an attack or a counter attack - to be complete.
After stopping the match, they must ask the winning wrestler if they want to
continue the period/match during team competition.
The
Judge
o The judge is responsible for all the duties stipulated in the general Rules of wrestling.
o
They must follow the course of the bout very
closely without allowing themselves to be distracted in any way; they must
award points for each action, and mark them on their score sheet, in agreement
with the referee or mat chairman.
They must give their opinion in all situations.
Following each action, and on the basis of the referee’s indications (which they compare with their own evaluation) or, failing this, on the basis of the mat chairman's indications, they record the number of points awarded to the action in question, and enters the results on a scoreboard placed beside them. This scoreboard must be visible to both the spectators and wrestlers.
41. The judge verifies and signals the fall (TOUCHE) to the referee
o
If, during the bout, the judge notices something
that they feel they should bring to the referee’s attention because the latter
was not able to see it or did not notice it (a fall, illegal hold, passive
position, etc.), the judge is obliged to do so by raising the paddle of the
same color as the singlet of the wrestler in question, even if the referee has
not asked for their opinion. In all circumstances, the judge must call the
referee’s attention to anything that seems to him abnormal or irregular in the
course of the bout or in the conduct of the wrestlers.
o
The judge must,
moreover, sign the score sheet handed to him upon receipt, and at the end of
the bout, must clearly record on the score sheet the result of the bout by
distinctly crossing out the name of the loser and writing in the name of the
winner in the signature box.
o
The decisions
of the referee and judge are valid and enforceable without the
intervention of the mat chairman, if they are in agreement - except for proclamation of victory by technical
superiority, in which case the mat chairman is required to give their opinion.
o
The judge’s
score sheet must accurately indicate the time at which a bout ends in the case
of victory by a fall, technical superiority, withdrawal, etc. In the
case of technical superiority the total time of the 2 periods that led to the
outcome must be recorded on the bout sheet.
o
Cautions for
fleeing the mat, illegal holds, incorrect resumption of the "par
terre" position, or brutality will be noted by an ‘O’ in the column of the
wrestler at fault.
Each time there is a clinch situation, they must
indicate by a "K" in the column corresponding to the wrestler who had
the hold first and circle the number of points attributed.
The Mat
Chairman
o
The mat
chairman, whose functions are very important, shall assume all the duties
provided for in the Rules of wrestling.
o
He shall
co-ordinate the work of the referee and the judge.
o
He is obliged
to follow the course of the bouts very carefully, without being distracted in
any way, and to evaluate the behavior and action of the other officials
according to the Rules.
o
In the event of
any disagreement between the referee and judge, their task is to settle the
issue in order to determine the result, the number of points and the falls.
o
In no case may
the mat chairman be the first to give an opinion. They must wait for the
opinion of the referee and judge. They are not entitled to influence the
decision.
o
In competition, they have the right, in the case
of a flagrant rules violation, to interrupt the bout and to ask for the reasons
motivating the decisions made by the referee and judge. After consultation with
the referee and judge, they must immediately rectify the decision if the
majority of votes are in their favor (2 versus 1). Under no circumstance can the
chairman overrule the referee and the judge if they are in agreement and stand
by their decision.
Officials Dress
The refereeing body: referees, judges, and mat chairmen must be dressed in the following manner when exercising their function:
o Grey trousers and black belt
o Long or short sleeved blue shirt
o (FILA requires a dark blue blazer)
o Black socks
o Black mat shoes (street shoes should not be worn on the mat)
o
A coat or jacket may be worn by an official
if he/she is not part of the officiating team that is on the mat
Note: Officials are obligated to cover their official’s uniform with a jacket and remove their whistle and arm bands when assuming the role of a coach. Officials should also remember that the role of an official allows them no preferential treatment when they are in the coach’s chair and should act accordingly.
The Coach
o The coach may remain at the foot of the platform or at least two meters from the edge of the mat during the bout.
Except for the assistance they are authorized to give to a doctor who is providing medical attention to their wrestler, the coach is strictly forbidden to influence decisions or to insult the referee or judge. They may only speak to the wrestler.
o If these restrictions are not observed, the referee is obliged to ask the mat chairman to present the coach with a ‘Yellow’ card (caution); if they persist, the mat chairman will present them with a ‘Red’ card (elimination).
o The mat chairman may also present the YELLOW or RED card on his or her own initiative.
o
As soon as the red card is given, the mat
chairman reports to the competition director and the coach shall be eliminated
from the competition and may no longer continue their duties. However, the
wrestling team involved shall have the right to obtain the services of another
coach.
The Protest
The protesting of a match can be done under very limited circumstances when there has been a blatant violation of rules or mat procedure. The team leader must submit the protest to the tournament’s head pairing official within 30 minutes of the end of the match in question, accompanied by the sum of $50.00. (National level competitions require $100.00)
Protest will not be accepted for examination unless they meet the following criteria:
o There has been a flagrant violation of the rules.
There has been a timing error, during which the score of the bout changed.
o Two wrestlers have arrived at a prior agreement regarding the outcome of their bout, to influence the classification of an opponent.
o The judge and referee have awarded points and the chairman changed their decision.
o Points are entered in inverse order (awarded to the wrong color) on the judge’s and the mat chairman’s bout sheets, by error.
o Points have been awarded by a majority vote of the officiating team and, by error; these points were not entered on the bout sheet.
Protest will not be accepted or examined when:
o
It concerns the
officials judgment
o
The members of
the officiating team have made the decision regarding the result of the match
unanimously.
o
It concerns
disqualification of one or both wrestlers for cautions, brutality or a
violation of the rules. (The protest committee automatically reviews matches in
which a wrestler is to be disqualified from the tournament.)
A fall has been called and confirmed.
o
The points at
issue could result in a tie score for the bout, because overtime cannot be ordered retroactively.
USA Wrestling (USAW) is committed to providing a safe environment for its members, participants, coaches, officials and volunteers and to prevent abusive conduct and harassment in any form while participating in the activities of USAW. USAW promotes good sportsmanship throughout the organization and encourages qualities of mutual respect, courtesy and tolerance in all members, participants, coaches, officials, staff and volunteers. USAW advocates building strong self-images among the youth participants. Athletes with a strong self-image may be less likely targets for abuse or harassment; similarly, they may be less likely to engage in abuse or to harass or bully others around them.
To this end, USAW has established the following guidelines of behavior and procedures for our staff, volunteers, coaches, officials and participants. All members of the organization, as well as parents, spectators and other invitees are expected to observe and adhere to these guidelines.
1. Abuse or harassment of any kind will not be tolerated within the organization. This means USAW does not accept physical, sexual, emotional or verbal abuse, harassment or similar misconduct from any person towards athletes, staff, coaches, officials, volunteers, parents, spectators or other any persons while they are participating in or preparing for events or activities conducted under the auspices of USAW.
2. Physical and sexual abuse, including, but not limited to, striking, hitting, kicking, biting or wanton gesturing, lewd remarks, indecent exposure, unwanted physical contact, any form of sexual contact or inappropriate touching, are strictly prohibited within the organization and as a part of its events and activities. Physical abuse does not include physical contact that is reasonably designed to coach, teach or demonstrate a wrestling skill.
3. Emotional abuse or verbal abuse is also prohibited. This may include, but is not limited to: yelling, insulting, threatening, mocking, demeaning behavior or making abusive statements in regard to a person’s race, gender, religion, nationality/ethnicity, sex or age. Emotional abuse does not include controlled and disciplined verbal communication that is generally accepted in sports as a reasonable method of coaching or teaching the sport.
4. To further protect USAW youth participants, as well as our coaches, officials and volunteers, we strongly advise that no adult person allow him/herself to be alone with a child or with any group of children in a private setting during or while they are participating in sponsored activities of USAW. In particular, in such circumstances, we recommend that coaches or other adult members of the organization:
- Do not drive alone with a child participant in the car
- Do not take a child alone to the locker room, bathrooms, or any other private room
- Provide one-on-one training or individual coaching with the assistance of another adult or athlete
- Have private conversations with youth participants within view of others instead of a private office
- Do not socialize individually with the participants outside of sponsored activities.
1. When traveling overnight with youth participants, children should be paired up with other children of the same gender and similar age group, with chaperones in separate but nearby rooms.
2. USAW encourages parents to become as active as possible in sponsored activities, practices and other events. The more the parents are involved, the less likely it is for abusive situations to develop.
3. USAW will timely respond to any and all allegations of abuse or harassment in matters that are within the purview and jurisdiction of USAW. USAW expects that allegations of abuse or harassment that are properly within the purview and jurisdiction of officials or persons at other levels or of other organizations will be timely responded to and dealt as appropriate. When necessary and appropriate, this information should be communicated to the appropriate authorities for investigation and should be reviewed by appropriate officials, with timely notification to the alleged offender of such allegations.
4. Any person accused of sexual or physical abuse may be asked to resign voluntarily or may be suspended until the matter is investigated and resolved. Regardless of criminal or civil guilt in the alleged abuse, the continued presence of the person could be detrimental to the reputation of the organization and could be harmful to the participants. A person who is accused but later cleared of the charges, may apply to have a suspension lifted or, if applicable, to be reinstated within the organization. Reinstatement is not a right, and no assurance is made that the person will be reinstated to his/her former position.
5. Any person who violates this Policy, who fails to appropriately report matters covered by this Policy, who makes a false report with respect to matters covered by this Policy or who threatens retaliation or reprisal against an individual for reporting a matter under this Policy will be subject to discipline or other action as may be within the purview and jurisdiction of USAW.
Harassment and abuse are defined in various sources
such as state law, case law, sports organization and professional association
codes of conduct and training manuals, corporate and business workplace
documents and human rights commission materials. USAW has not adopted any specific definition
of harassment or abuse, choosing instead to defer to such general sources and
definitions for reference and application, depending on the circumstances. As further elaboration of examples given
above, the following generally describe conduct that may be considered
harassment or abuse:
· Any improper or inappropriate comment, action or gesture directed toward a person or group that is related to race, ethnicity, national origin, religion, age, gender, sexual orientation, disability or other personal characteristic.
· Creating an environment through behavior or course of conduct that is insulting, intimidating, humiliating, demeaning or offensive.
· Harassment usually occurs when one person engages in abusive behavior or asserts unwarranted power or authority over another, whether intended or not, and may include, for example, name-calling, threats, belittling, unwelcome advances and requests for sexual favors (as well as undue pressure to perform or succeed).
· Harassment includes child abuse.
· Child abuse can include physical contact – or the threat of it – that intentionally causes bodily harm or injury to a child. This may include, for example, hitting, shaking, kicking, shoving, and forcing an athlete to wrestle when injured or mandating excessive exercise as a form of punishment. It may also include touching for the purpose of causing sexual arousal or gratification that involves a child, rape, incest, fondling, exhibitionism and sexual exploitation. It may also include chronic attacks on a child’s self-esteem, such as psychologically destruct behavior consisting of ridiculing, screaming, swearing, racist comments, threatening, stalking, hazing and isolating.
BASIC FILA WRESTLING VOCABULARY
Every member of the
officiating team must be perfectly familiar with and apply the vocabulary set
out below. This vocabulary constitutes the official means of communication
between members.
1) SALUTE
The wrestlers must greet each
other.
2) START
Inviting the wrestlers standing at opposite corners
of the mat to step to the centre to be examined and shake hands and begin
wrestling.
3) CONTACT
The referee calls upon the
wrestler to place both their hands on the back of their opponent, who is
underneath on the ground. Wrestlers in the standing position must assume
‘body-to-body’ contact.
4) OPEN
The wrestler must alter their
position and adopt more open wrestling tactics.
6) ATTENTION
The referee warns the passive
wrestler before requesting a caution for refusal to assume the correct
"par terre" position.
7) ACTION
The wrestler must execute the hold that they have
initiated.
8) HEAD UP
The wrestler must raise their head. The referee in
the case of passivity and repeated attacks gives this order by a wrestler who
thrusts their head forward.
9) JAMBE
The wrestler has committed a
leg error (Greco-Roman).
10) POSITION
Initial position of the
wrestlers on the ground (or in ordered contact in Greco-Roman wrestling),
before the referee blows their whistle
11) A TERRE
The bout is resumed in the
"par terre" position.
12) PLACE
By striking the mat with
their hand and at the same time pronouncing the word ‘place’ the referee
reminds the wrestlers not to flee the mat.
13) DANGER
The danger position.
14) FAULT
An illegal hold or violation
of the technical Rules
15) PASSIF
Passive red, passive blue:
Warning given to the wrestler who is passive. It is signaled by raising the arm
that bears the color of the wrestler at fault.
16) REMARK
The sign from the referee
indicating the passivity of a wrestler to the judge and mat chairman.
17) STOP
This word means the stopping
of the bout.
l8) ZONE
This word must be spoken in a
loud voice if the wrestlers enter the passivity zone.
19) CONTINUER
The bout must be resumed upon
this order by the referee. The referee also uses this word to have the
wrestling continued if the wrestlers stop due to confusion and look at them as
if they are asking for an explanation.
20) TIME OUT
When one of the wrestlers
stops wrestling, intentionally or because of injury or any other reason, the
referee will use this expression to ask the timekeeper to stop their stopwatch.
21) CENTRE
The wrestlers must return to
the centre of the mat and continue the bout there.
22) UP
The bout must be resumed in
the standing position.
23) INTERVENTION
The judge, referee or mat
chairman call for intervention.
24) OUT
A hold applied outside the
mat.
25) OK
The hold is valid (legal,
correct). If the judge and mat chairman are sitting in a position that does not
allow them to follow closely what is taking place on the opposite side, the
referee must raise their arm to indicate whether the hold at the edge of the
mat was executed within the boundaries of the mat or outside.
26) NON
This word is used to indicate
that an action is not valid and is consequently void.
27) TOUCHE
The word used to indicate
that the wrestler is beaten by a ‘fall.’ For a fall, the referee himself
says 'tombé', or “21, 22” strikes the mat with their hand, and blows their
whistle to indicate the end of the bout.
28) DECLARE BATTU
The decision made subsequent
to a defeat by decision of the officiating team.
29) DEFAITE
The opponent is beaten.
30) DISQUALIFICATION
The disqualification is
announced for unsportsmanlike conduct or brutality.
31) FIN
The end of the bout.
32) CHRONOMETRE
The timekeeper must stop or
start the stopwatch on this order from the referee.
33) GONG
The sound of the gong marks
the beginning and end of a bout.
34) JURY
The officiating body (team).
35) ARBITRE
The official conducting the
bout on the mat.
36) JUGE
The official who assists the
referee and awards the points to the wrestlers during the bout. They are also
required to note all the actions executed during the bout on their score sheet.
37) CHEF DE TAPIS
The mat chairman, who is the
official responsible for a mat. They are obliged to break a tie vote between
the referee and judge in case of a dispute.
38) CONSULTATION
The mat chairman consults
with the referee and judge before announcing a disqualification or decision on
any matter on which there has been disagreement.
40) CLINIC
The referees' course.
41) PROTEST
The protest filed as a result
of a decision, whatever it may be.
42) DOCT0R
The official doctor for the
bout.
43) VICTORY
The referee declares the
winner.
44) NO JUMP
Referee's comment to the wrestler par terre who jumps forward in order to
prevent their opponent being able to initiate a hold.
45) CLINCH Provision laid down on Page 17-21.
2005-06 USWOA Membership Application
Annual Dues $25
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apply:
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RENEWAL __________ PRESENT CATEGORY __________ LICENSE # ________________
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